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Upper Cervical Spine

Upper Cervical Spine

Q etween any two of the unfused vertebrae (cervical through lumbar), there is an intervertebral disc - except between C0/C1/C2. White and Panjabi describe the upper cervical articulations as “…the most complex joints of the axial skeleton, both anatomically and kinematically.” (White and Panjabi, 1978) Give some reasons for the unique absence of a disc at that location. Does the absence of a disc increase the possibility of injury?

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The upper cervical spine constitute of occitoatlantal (C0-C1) and alantoaxial (C1-C2) joints. These two joints are unique due to absence of intervertebral disc and ligamenta flava. Though the intervertebral disc comprises one fourth of the vertebral column but this complete absent in between atlas and axis. Unlike any other vertebrae these two has unique morphology and size. Atlas do not possess a vertebral body or disk for articulation.